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The Automotive Industry and EVs

As of 2026-08-30 · Updated 2026-08-30 · Section: Economy, Industry & Business · 日本語版

2026 is the year the Philippines' automotive industry policy pivoted from "localizing gasoline-car production" to "localizing EV production." The January budget veto wiped out the CARS and RACE budgets, and in July EVIS (₱60 billion) was launched by executive order.


1. The big picture first

  The Philippines has a structure close to being the only ASEAN country that "imports its cars"

    About 70% of vehicles sold are imported (2015-2023 average, BOI)
    Domestic assembly is effectively limited to 2 companies (Toyota / Mitsubishi)
    Domestic parts-sourcing ratio: about 80% in 1997 → about 20% today (PPMA)
Point Current state
New vehicle sales (2025) 491,395 units (industry-wide, CAMPI tally, an all-time high)
New vehicle sales (H1 2026) 204,557 units (CAMPI-TMA members, down 11.4% year-on-year)
Domestic production Toyota: 63,804 units (2025) / Mitsubishi (capacity 50,000 units)
Electrified vehicle (xEV) share 5.5% in 2024 → 12% in 2025 → 15.34% in H1 2026
Public charging points Approximately 1,569 (March 2026, DOE)
Policy focus CARS/RACE (internal combustion) → EVIS (electrified vehicles)

注 Statistics vary widely depending on which industry association is reporting. CAMPI-TMA (Toyota, Mitsubishi, and others) and AVID (an association of importer/distributors) keep separate tallies, and BYD is not part of CAMPI — it belongs to AVID. Whenever discussing "the Philippines' new vehicle sales figures," always check which association's data is being cited.


2. What is CARS (Comprehensive Automotive Resurgence Strategy)?

A program launched in 2015 under Executive Order No. 182 to support local production of passenger cars.

Item Details
Total envelope ₱27 billion
Participation slots 3 models (only 2 were actually filled)
Participating companies Toyota (Toyota Motor Philippines, TMP; Vios) / Mitsubishi (Mitsubishi Motors Philippines, MMPC; Mirage)
Condition Registered models must produce 200,000 units within 6 years
Form of support Not cash, but a TPC (Tax Payment Certificate), which can be applied against taxes and duties
Coverage Localization of body parts, common parts, and fixed investment in production capacity

TMP has already met the 200,000-unit production condition for the Vios. CARS funds went toward equipment such as plastic injection-molding machines (bumpers, dashboards), roller-hemming robots, and A0 press lines.

RACE (Revitalizing the Automotive Industry for Competitiveness Enhancement)


3. The 2026 budget veto — CARS and RACE cut out

Background

  5 January 2026
    President Marcos signs the FY2026 General Appropriations Act (₱6.793 trillion)
    At the same time, vetoes 7 of the 10 "unprogrammed appropriations" items,
      totaling ₱92.5 billion

    What was cut
      - CARS: ₱4.32 billion (unpaid arrearages owed to Toyota and Mitsubishi)
      - RACE: ₱250 million

注 The key detail is "unprogrammed appropriations." The Philippine budget distinguishes between programmed (regular funding) and unprogrammed (a conditional envelope that can only be spent if, for example, revenue exceeds targets) items, and CARS payments sat in the latter category. In other words, the structural weakness was already there from the start: automotive support was placed in a funding line whose execution was never guaranteed.

Industry backlash (January 2026)

Group Reaction
PPMA (Philippine Parts Makers Association) Chairman Ferdinand Raquelsantos said "CARS and RACE are needed for survival." Without production volume there is no parts industry, and without a parts industry there is no assembly industry either, he argued
CAMPI (Chamber of Automotive Manufacturers of the Philippines Inc.) Voiced deep concern that "promised incentives are not being honored," and stated that payment should be made based on performance already achieved
Philippine Metalworkers' Alliance (labor union) Criticized it as government retreat from building industrial foundations, putting large numbers of jobs at risk
EVAP (Electric Vehicle Association of the Philippines) Called for restoring the budgets for both programs

The DBM, DTI, and DOF's explanation, and paying from "DPWH savings"

On 19 January 2026, the three agencies issued a joint statement titled "PBBM will not abandon the automotive industry."

Speaker Summary
DBM Secretary Rolly U. Toledo "Obligations backed by issued and verified TPCs will be paid legally and in an orderly manner, within fiscal capacity and budget rules"
DTI Secretary Cristina A. Roque Reaffirmed commitment to the automotive industry's role in jobs and technology
Finance Secretary Frederick D. Go Explained that the President had directed that promises to investors be kept; on 16 January he stated that "a funding solution has been worked out"

How the payment mechanism works (important detail for practical purposes)

  (1) Use the "unpaid fiscal support" line item remaining under
      DTI-BOI in the FY2025 General Appropriations Act (GAA)

  (2) Any shortfall is covered by augmentation from DPWH's
      (Department of Public Works and Highways) verified 2025 savings

  (3) Execution requires an augmentation approval from the
      Office of the President

  (4) Cases where the TPC has not yet been issued but the
      conditions have been met will be handled by including them
      in the FY2027 National Expenditure Program (NEP)

注 The background to DPWH savings becoming the funding source is the 2025 flood-control corruption scandal. DPWH itself deleted roughly ₱252 billion worth of local flood-control projects from its FY2026 budget (September 2025), and unspent funds also remained from FY2025. This produces a fairly unusual structure, in which payments to the automotive industry are funded by money freed up by a scandal in an entirely different sector.


4. RACE's de facto end and the shift to EVIS

  January 2026    RACE's ₱250 million budget is wiped out by the veto
                   → DTI explains that "over ₱400 million in unpaid CARS
                   arrears takes priority," and RACE is shelved

  End of January   DTI: "Funding for RACE is still under discussion"
  2026

  April 2026      DTI Secretary Roque:
                   "Diretso nang EVIS. For now, wala nang RACE"
                   (Going straight to EVIS. For now, no more RACE)
                   → RACE's implementation plan is withdrawn

  June 2026        Secretary Roque again raises the possibility of
                   reviving RACE for the internal-combustion vehicles
                   MSMEs need → welcomed by the parts industry

  29 July 2026    Executive Order No. 121 (EO 121) launches EVIS

注 Reporting on whether "RACE is dead or alive" has been mixed. It is a fact that implementation was withdrawn in April 2026, but revival was discussed again in June, and as of August the program has not been formally reinstated. The accurate description at this point is "de facto ended, revival unconfirmed." Toyota is reportedly the strongest advocate for reviving RACE (to keep its internal-combustion domestic production going).


5. EVIS (Electric Vehicle Incentive Strategy)

Executive Order No. 121. Signed 29 July 2026, took effect 30 July. The largest automotive incentive package in Philippine history.

Item Details
Total envelope ₱60 billion (more than double CARS's ₱27 billion)
Cap per model ₱15 billion
Participation slots 4 companies (each may register up to 2 models)
Minimum investment ₱5 billion or more
Production target Annual production scale of 10,000 units (no cumulative-unit condition as under CARS)
Support ① Fixed investment support — up to 40% of capital equipment spending
Support ② Production incentive — up to 12% of ex-factory price, capped at ₱200,000 per unit
Form of support A non-transferable TPC (not a cash grant)
Coverage BEVs, HEVs, PHEVs, and fuel-cell passenger/commercial vehicles, and their parts and components
Deadline Localized models/parts must be introduced within 3 years of registration. Failure means revocation of registration, fines, and clawback of incentives
Stacking Cannot be combined with incentives under Title XIII of the Tax Code (the CREATE regime)

Implementation structure

注 Implementing rules (IRR/implementing guidelines) are supposed to be issued within one month of the EO taking effect (i.e., around end-August). As of 24 August 2026, it could not be confirmed whether these had been published (unconfirmed). Mitsubishi, too, is reportedly waiting for the IRR to be registered before filing a formal application.

Expected EVIS participants

Company Status
Mitsubishi (MMPC) The only company to have publicly announced participation
Toyota (TMP) Seen as "the next logical candidate" given its existing production base, but also advocates for reviving RACE (internal-combustion support)
VinFast (Vietnam) Reported to be considering local production — described as a "wild card"
Others According to BOI officials, two domestic companies are reportedly considering applying in partnership with foreign capital; Asian and European EV brands are also said to be in preliminary talks

6. Mitsubishi Motors' 2028 local hybrid production

  6 April 2026   Mitsubishi Motors CEO Takao Kato meets President
                   Marcos at Malacañang Palace
                   → announces EVIS participation and plans for
                     local HEV production in the Philippines
Item Details
Investment ₱7 billion (by parent company Mitsubishi Motors Corporation)
Location Expansion of the existing plant in Santa Rosa, Laguna (not a new plant), roughly 21-23 hectares, with annual capacity of 50,000 units
Current models produced Mirage G4 / L300
Mass-production start Mid-2028 (prototype/pilot production possibly around mid-2027)
Model Not yet disclosed. Executives have hinted it is unlikely to be a sedan-type HEV
Staffing 300–500 additional engineers
Batteries Pack assembly is planned to be done in the Philippines. Cells and materials, however, will be imported for the time being
Exports The concept is to make the Philippines an export base for EVs. Finance Secretary Go said the country "could become an exporter of hybrid vehicles"

If realized, this would be "the Philippines' first domestically produced hybrid vehicle." Mitsubishi executive (Chairman Noriaki Hirakata) has also suggested that if demand exceeds expectations, investment could exceed ₱7 billion.


7. The domestic market — who is selling what

2025 (an all-time high)

Metric Figure
Industry-wide 491,395 units (+3.7% year-on-year, an all-time high; 2024 was 473,842 units)
CAMPI-TMA members only 463,646 units (-0.8% year-on-year)
Single month of December 47,371 units — the highest monthly figure since 2017
Commercial vehicles 370,722 units (+7%)
Passenger cars 92,924 units (-23%)
xEV (BEV+PHEV+HEV) 58,905 units, 12% of the market (2024 was 5.5%, +142.5%)

注 "500,000 units" is a target the industry has now missed two years running, in both 2024 and 2025. CAMPI's new chairman, Jose Maria Atienza, has expressed determination to reach it.

By brand (2025, CAMPI-TMA basis)

Rank Brand Units Share
1 Toyota 229,447 units (+5.2%) 49.5% (approx. 46.7% of the industry-wide total)
2 Mitsubishi 86,808 units (-3%) approx. 18.0%
3 Suzuki 21,984 units (+8%) —
4 Ford 21,784 units (-22%) —
5 Nissan 20,571 units (-23%) —

H1 2026 — internal-combustion sales plunge, EVs surge

Metric Jan-Jun 2026 Year-on-year
CAMPI-TMA member sales 204,557 units -11.4%
Commercial vehicles 164,054 units -11%
Passenger cars 40,503 units -11%
xEV 31,381 units +132.7% (15.34% share)
HEV 17,148 units +57.5%
PHEV 5,531 units +3,356.9%

The backdrop is the oil crisis of early 2026. Worsening Middle East tensions around the Strait of Hormuz sent prices soaring, with the Metro Manila average even in early June at ₱82.54/L for diesel and ₱85.88/L for unleaded gasoline (DOE/fuelprice.ph). Prices remain elevated even as of August 2026 (diesel at ₱85.50/L as of 17 August 2026, per GlobalPetrolPrices, versus ₱53.10/L a year earlier). This spike in fuel prices tilted consumer preference toward electrified vehicles across the board, and was also the direct trigger for the government fast-tracking EVIS.

注注 (Corrected in the 2026-08-25 cross-check pass. Source: GlobalPetrolPrices, "Philippines diesel prices," updated 17 August 2026 — ₱85.50/L, versus ₱53.10/L a year earlier / field article "Electricity and Power Rates" §4) The earlier draft's claim that "diesel had settled to around ₱56.70/L by August" was incorrect. That figure is close to pre-crisis (2025) levels — a textbook case of an old figure being mistaken for the current one. The field article "Electricity and Power Rates" §4 states that in the same period, "diesel was around ₱90.40/L as of 3 August 2026 (GlobalPetrolPrices)," and further notes an "18 August price hike of +₱2.49 for gasoline and +₱3.84 for diesel" and that "Energy Secretary Garin says prices won't return to the pre-war ₱50-60/L range even once the conflict ends." ₱56.70/L contradicts all of this. 注 The timing of the price peak is also inconsistent across our reference materials. This article's earlier draft said the peak came "around April," while "Electricity and Power Rates" §4 says "diesel hit ₱130-140/L in March, with Philstar reporting a peak of ₱170/L." Since this could not be confirmed against the primary source (DOE oil-price monitoring), this article has dropped the assertion that the peak came "around April."

The fuller picture including AVID (BYD)

Metric Figure
BYD (full-year 2025) 26,122 units (+446%)
BYD (Jan-Apr 2026) 13,723 units, 9.4% share (3rd by brand, +203%; per AVID Summit/PwC)
H1 2026 overall picture (PwC, etc.) Total sales 222,071 units (-4.4%). Toyota 45.3%, Mitsubishi 15.4%, BYD 9.3%, up 4 places to 3rd
BEV leader within CAMPI-TMA VinFast (3,142 units in 2026, up sharply from 150 the year before)

注 BYD belongs to AVID, not CAMPI. CAMPI's published sales statistics therefore do not include BYD. Articles claiming "VinFast leads Philippine EV sales" reflect the CAMPI-only basis, not the market as a whole.


8. The parts industry (PPMA) and the structure of import dependence

Metric Figure
PPMA membership Peaked at about 140 companies in 1997 → about 40 today
Domestic parts-supply ratio About 80% in the past → about 20% today
Imported-vehicle share About 71% of sales (2015-2023, BOI)
Main import sources Thailand, Indonesia, China. Vehicle imports from Thailand alone totaled roughly US$2.8 billion (2024, UN COMTRADE)

The structural core of the issue

  - ASEAN's Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) scheme,
    in place since 1993, has pushed intra-regional tariffs to
    near zero
    → Manufacturers concentrated production in Thailand and
      Indonesia, and the Philippines became just a market

  - As domestic assembly shrinks, parts orders shrink with it
    → Parts makers become unprofitable → withdraw → domestic
      sourcing ratio falls further

  CARS was created to break this vicious cycle, RACE was its
   successor, and now EVIS is the next attempt

Toyota's domestic production (2025)

Item Details
Production volume 63,804 units (+6%, an all-time high). Santa Rosa plant (in the Toyota Special Economic Zone, TSEZ, Laguna)
Models produced Vios / Innova / Tamaraw
Tamaraw Revived in December 2024. ₱5.5 billion spent on plant retooling. Envisioned annual capacity of 18,000-22,000 units. Approximately 17,542 units sold in 2025
2026 Plans a 5-model lineup; cumulative sales of 3 million units in sight

注 Honda ended four-wheel production in the Philippines in 2020, leaving Toyota and Mitsubishi as the only two effective passenger-car assemblers. The perception that "Japanese makers dominate" is a separate thing from the actual scarcity of production bases.


9. Taxation — what gets more expensive, and what stays cheap

Vehicle type Automobile excise tax
Gasoline/diesel vehicles 4% / 10% / 20% / 50% by price bracket (up to ₱600,000, up to ₱4 million, and above)
Hybrid (HEV) Half the above rates
Battery electric vehicle (BEV) Tax-exempt
Pickup trucks Lost their tax exemption on 1 July 2025 and are now taxable

The impact of pickup taxation (2025)

Tariffs (EO No. 12)


10. The state of EV adoption — infrastructure and the EVIDA law

The EVIDA Law (Republic Act No. 11697, the Electric Vehicle Industry Development Act)

"Lapsed into law" on 15 April 2022 — it took effect through the passage of time rather than presidential signature.

Main provision Content
Corporate and government fleets A minimum of 5% of vehicles owned must be EVs
Gas stations Section 19 — obligation to install and operate charging facilities (violations carry fines of ₱50,000-500,000)
Parking Requires dedicated EV parking spaces
Other Green routes, support for domestic EV manufacturing
MVUC (Motor Vehicle User's Charge) 30% discount for BEVs, 15% for HEVs (LTO Memorandum Circular No. 2026-2183)

注 There is no nationwide fixed quota for how many chargers a gas station must install. The DOE plans to scale requirements by station size (e.g., one charging point for stations with more than 4 fuel pumps), with allowances such as withholding permits for stations that lack space. Simplifying this to "all gas stations are required to have chargers" is inaccurate.

Charging infrastructure

Point in time Public charging points
31 March 2025 912 locations (concentrated in Metro Manila)
March 2026 Approximately 1,569 points (AC 781 / DC 260 / battery-swap 528)
2028 target (CREVI) 7,000-7,300 locations

Charging rates (2026, DOE)

Method Rate
AC charging ₱24.03/kWh
DC charging ₱30.15/kWh
Battery swap ₱53.46/kWh

注 DC fast-charging at ₱30.15/kWh is roughly double residential electricity rates (about ₱14.8/kWh at Meralco as of August 2026). The claim that "EVs cost less to run" holds mainly for home charging. Relying on public fast-charging significantly narrows that advantage.

CREVI (the comprehensive EV industry roadmap)

注 Roughly 60% of the Philippines' power mix is coal (April 2025-March 2026). Switching to EVs will have only limited CO2 benefits as long as generation itself remains coal-dependent — a point also debated locally.


11. Motorcycles — actually dominant by volume

Metric Figure
2024 1,682,482 units (MDPPA members, a five-year high)
2025 Approximately 1,793,219 units (+6.7%)
2026 outlook Approximately 1.86 million units (+4%)

12. A summary of easily misunderstood points

Misconception Reality
"CARS budget was vetoed, so automotive support has ended" 注 What was vetoed was the 2026 unprogrammed appropriations envelope. Already-issued TPC amounts are still slated for payment via the FY2025 GAA and DPWH savings. It's a rerouting of funding, not an end
"RACE's revival has been decided" 注 Implementation was withdrawn in April 2026, and revival was only discussed again in June. As of August 2026, resumption has not been decided
"EVIS is a consumer purchase subsidy" 注 It is aimed at manufacturers, not consumers — and it's paid via TPC (a tax-offset certificate), not cash
"The Philippines' top-selling EV brand is VinFast" 注 That's true only on a CAMPI-TMA basis. BYD is tallied separately under AVID and is actually roughly the No. 3 brand overall
"Japanese makers dominate local production" 注 Domestic passenger-car assembly is effectively down to just Toyota and Mitsubishi; Honda exited four-wheel production in 2020
"EVs are cheap" 注 BEVs are exempt from excise tax and carry 0% tariffs (through 2028), but public DC fast-charging costs roughly double home electricity rates
"Fuel prices were back to pre-war levels by August 2026" 注 Incorrect. Diesel remained elevated in the ₱85-90/L range as of August 2026 (GlobalPetrolPrices, ₱85.50/L as of 17 August 2026). Do not confuse this with the ₱50-55/L pre-war (2025) range (corrected during the 2026-08-25 cross-check)
"EVIS = Mitsubishi, decided" 注 Mitsubishi is the only company to have publicly announced participation. There are 4 slots available, and competition may emerge once the IRR is published

13. What Japanese companies and residents should watch for

  1) Mitsubishi's Santa Rosa expansion (2028 mass production) may
      drive demand around Laguna for parts, tooling, wiring,
      and engineers

  2) EVIS requires a minimum investment of ₱5 billion per
      company. For parts suppliers, "can we become a Tier-1
      supplier to an EVIS participant?" is the dividing line

  3) EO 12's zero EV tariff expires in 2028. Imported EVs have
      the advantage until then; after that, whoever has
      localized production gains the edge

  4) The delay in CARS payments has demonstrated, in practice,
      the country risk that "promised incentives can vanish in
      the budget process."
      The same doubt is now being directed at the ₱60 billion
      EVIS program (per BusinessMirror editorials and others)

日本語の詳細版: 分野「産業」「自動車産業とEV」(本サイト日本語版)。